At this stage, the mainstream research on MXene is still focused on energy conversion and storage. Using MXene as an electrode material for energy storage devices such as lithium/sodium ion batteries, lithium sulfur batteries and supercapacitors is a hot spot in current research. Secondly, electrochemical sensors and environmental responsive devices have also been involved in electromagnetic shielding and wave absorption, photoelectric devices, photothermal conversion for biological therapy and other multifunctional composite materials. The research of MXene has ushered in the spring!
2、 Purple phosphorus, black phosphorus
Two dimensional black phosphorus is a new semiconductor material that has emerged in recent years and received extensive attention. It has received extensive attention from researchers since it was first discovered in 2014. Black phosphorus (crystal, thin slice, quantum dot) has excellent surface activity, tunable band gap, high carrier mobility, mild on/off ratio, good biocompatibility, biodegradability and other characteristics. It has been widely studied in energy storage and conversion, optoelectronic devices, biomedicine, biosensors and other fields, and has been used in Nature communications, advanced materials, advanced functional materials Top issues such as Angelwandte Chemie occupy an important position.
Purple phosphorus is another allotrope of layered phosphorus. Purple phosphene has been proved to be a more stable two-dimensional semiconductor material than black phosphene, and has great potential applications in electronics, optoelectronic devices, biology and other fields. The research shows that the two-dimensional Young's modulus of single-layer purple phosphene is 4.4 times that of graphene, and is also far higher than other two-dimensional materials known at present. In addition, according to the calculation, the single-layer purple phosphorene is also expected to be used for gas sensing of NO2, O3 and SO2, and has great potential as the anode material of lithium ion batteries and sodium ion batteries. Purple phosphorus has both high carrier mobility and anisotropy, and has the characteristics of broadband gap, stability and easy stripping. At present, the research on purple phosphorus is still on the rise. In the future, purple phosphorus is expected to replace black phosphorus as a new "dream material".
3、 Graphyne
As a new kind of carbon allotrope, two-dimensional graphyne materials have unique sp and sp electronic structures and intrinsic band gaps, showing properties that have been found difficult for carbon materials. Academician Li Yuliang's team successfully synthesized graphyne in the world for the first time in 2010, opening up a new field of carbon material research. The hybrid carbon structure in graphyne makes it have high π conjugation, regular and orderly distribution of pore structure and adjustable electronic structure, which results in some unique electronic conduction, mechanical and optical properties, and has attracted more and more attention. In the last two years, graphyne has frequently appeared in Energy Environment Sci.、Adv. The number of articles issued by top publications such as Mater, Angelw and Chemical Engineering Journal has also increased year by year.
At present, the research on graphyne mainly focuses on chemistry, materials science and physics. In addition to focusing on graphyne itself, the application of graphyne materials has gradually become the focus of researchers. The graphyne materials have been used in energy catalysis (photocatalysis and photocatalysis, etc.), energy storage (lithium ion battery, sodium ion battery, sulfur battery and supercapacitor, etc.), biomedical (targeted drugs and tumor treatment, etc.) A series of cutting-edge achievements have been made in the basic and applied research of seawater desalination and gas separation.
4、 MOFs
In addition to the above materials, graphene, silver nanowires, gold and silver nanoparticles and magnetic nanomaterials, as classical nanomaterials, have gradually turned to functional composites. The development of nanomaterials has brought new opportunities and changed the world with a new attitude!
MOFs are metal organic framework materials, which are organic-inorganic hybrid materials with intramolecular pores formed by self-assembly of organic ligands and inorganic metal ions or clusters through coordination bonds. The unique framework and pore structure characteristics of MOFs determine that they have unique characteristics such as large specific surface area, high porosity and chemical adjustability. MOF is a big star praised by Nature and Science. As a leader in porous nanomaterials, MOFs have developed rapidly in recent years. MOFs can be seen in membrane separation, gas storage, energy conversion and storage, catalysis, nano medicine and flexible devices.
There are many kinds of MOFs. According to incomplete statistics, scientists have reported and studied more than 20000 different MOFs in the past ten years, of which UIO-66, MIL-101, ZIF-8 and MOF-88 are relatively common and widely used centralized MOFs materials. At present, the research of MOFs mainly focuses on several directions, such as the precise and controllable design of MOFs materials, improving the biological stability of biological MOFs materials, and the application of MOFs based catalysts in the field of catalysis.
